Scientific Brazilian Initiative

Scientific Brazilian Initiative

BONO - Co-founder of ONE and (RED)

Bono 

Lead singer, U2 - Co-founder, ONE & (RED)

The lead singer of Irish rock band U2, Bono was born Paul David Hewson in Ballymun, Dublin. He met the Edge, Larry Mullen and Adam Clayton at school, and in 1978 the band was formed. Acknowledged as one of the best live acts in the world, U2 have sold over 140 million albums and won numerous awards, including 22 Grammys. Bono is also a well-known activist in the fight against AIDS and extreme poverty in Africa. In 2002, he co-founded DATA (debt, AIDS, trade, Africa) to raise public awareness of the issues in its name and influence government policy on Africa. In 2004, DATA helped to create ONE: The Campaign to Make Poverty History, an advocacy and campaigning organization dedicated to fighting extreme poverty and preventable disease. In early 2008, DATA and ONE combined operations under the name ONE. As part of his work with ONE, Bono has lobbied U.S. Presidents and Congressional leaders, along with the heads of many other G8 nations.

In 2006, Bono and Bobby Shriver launched Product (RED) to raise money from businesses to buy AIDS drugs for people in Africa unable to afford them. Product (RED) has an ongoing relationship with a number of iconic global brands that sell (RED) products and donate a percentage of the profits directly to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.

Bono also helped launch EDUN, an ethically-sourced high fashion clothing company run by his wife Ali Hewson; EDUN produces clothing in developing areas of the world, particularly in Africa.

Bono has received a number of awards for his music and activism, including the Legion D’Honneur from the French Government in 2003, TIME Magazine’s Person of the Year for 2005 (along with Bill and Melinda Gates), and an honorary British knighthood in 2007. Bono lives in Dublin with Ali and their four children.

The Fight Goes ON!

In recognition of this year’s World AIDS Day, U2 singer and global activist Bono is stepping up his fight against HIV/AIDS by personally lobbying American legislators to maintain funding for global AIDS initiatives and awareness. His plea comes at a moment when Washington is embroiled in tensebudget debates over how to avoid the so-called “fiscal cliff” which would trigger automatic spending cuts and tax hikes. Bono showed up in Washington a few weeks after the presidential election to make his case and he didn’t just bring star-appeal, he brought data. His international advocacy organization, The ONE Campaign, recently released a report, warning that despite scientific strides made in combating the pandemic, the United Nation’s goal to achieve the “beginning of the end of AIDS by 2015” will fail if funding is cut to AIDS programs. The report also says financial and political commitment to AIDS efforts from the usual donor countries are varied, with the U.S., U.K. and France leading efforts while Germany, Canada, Japan and Italy lag behind in funding. Bono pushed lawmakers to continue to make AIDS financing a priority. Given the current status, the beginning of the end ofAIDS—defined as when the number of new HIV infections each year is surpassed by the number of people receiving treatment—will not be reached until 2022.

American support is key to reaching the ambitious goals set by the United Nations. When Bono sat down with TIME’s managing editor, Rick Stengel last year, he shared his confidence in the Obama Administration’s financial commitment and praised the U.S’s role in leading efforts to fight the virus. “It is an extraordinary thing that the United States has done, which is in the war against this tiny little virus, which has caused so much destruction and heartache, American leadership has been the turning point,” said Bono in the interview. “Five million lives have been saved around the world because of American leadership.”

Despite the anxiety over whether lack of fiscal support will slow the momentum the movement has already achieved, Bono’s organization, The ONE Campaign and its fundraising division (RED), are continuing to spearhead awareness with a new pop culture initiative coinciding with World AIDS Day on December 1st.

ONE is launching a first-person YouTube video series called “It starts with me,” with video messages and stories from contributors like AIDS activist Cleve Jones and actor Colin Farrell. (RED)  has teamed up with Tiesto, a leading electronic music DJ to release a compilation album, DANCE (RED), SAVE LIVES with fellow EDM musicians. The album corresponds with a global YouTube livestream from the Stereosonic Festival in Melbourne, Australia.

As Bono told TIME prior to last year’s World AIDS Day, the beginning of the end of AIDS is nearing with continued international political and financial support. “With some breakthroughs in science there is a chance to turn [this around]… As I say it to you, I can hardly believe the sound of it. For some people, this is a really emotional moment,” he said.

Opioids Abuse

Why Doctors Prescribe Opioids to Known Opioid Abusers

Anna Lembke, M.D.
Prescription opioid abuse is an epidemic in the United States. In 2010, there were reportedly as many as 2.4 million opioid abus- ers in this country, and the num- ber of new abusers had increased by 225% between 1992 and 2000.1 Sixty percent of the opioids that are abused are obtained directly or indirectly through a physician’s prescription. In many instances, doctors are fully aware that their patients are abusing these medi- cations or diverting them to others for nonmedical use, but they prescribe them anyway. Why? Recent changes in medicine’s phi- losophy of pain treatment, cultural trends in Americans’ attitudes to- ward suffering, and financial dis- incentives for treating addiction have contributed to this problem.
Throughout the 19th century, doctors spoke out against the use of pain remedies.2 Pain, they ar- gued, was a good thing, a sign of physical vitality and important to the healing process. Over the past 100 years, and especially as the availability of morphine deriva- tives such as oxycodone (Oxycon- tin) increased, a paradigm shift has occurred with regard to pain treatment. Today, treating pain is every doctor’s mandated responsi- bility. In 2001, the Medical Board of California passed a law requir- ing all California-licensed physi- cians (except pathologists and radiologists) to take a full-day course on “pain management.” It was an unprecedented injunction. Earlier this year, Pizzo and Clark urged health care providers as well as “family members, employ- ers, and friends” to “rely on a person’s ability to express his or her subjective experience of pain

and learn to trust that expres- sion,” adding that the “medical system must give these expres- sions credence and endeavor to respond to them honestly and ef- fectively.”3 It seems that the pa- tient’s subjective experience of pain now takes precedence over other, potentially competing, con- siderations. In contemporary med- ical culture, self-reports of pain are above question, and the treat- ment of pain is held up as the holy grail of compassionate med- ical care.
The prioritization of the sub- jective experience of pain has been reinforced by the modern practice of regularly assessing pa- tient satisfaction. Patients fill out surveys about the care they re- ceive, which commonly include questions about how adequately their providers have addressed their pain. Doctors’ clinical skills may also be evaluated on for- profit doctor-grading websites for the world to see. Doctors who re- fuse to prescribe opioids to cer- tain patients out of concern about abuse are likely to get a poor rating from those patients. In some institutions, patient-sur- vey ratings can affect physicians’ reimbursement and job security. When I asked a physician col- league who regularly treats pain how he deals with the problem of using opioids in patients who he knows are abusing them, he said, “Sometimes I just have to do the right thing and refuse to prescribe them, even if I know they’re going to go on Yelp and give me a bad rating.” His “some- times” seems to imply that at other times he knowingly pre- scribes opioids to abusers be-

cause not doing so would ad- versely affect his professional standing. If that’s the case, he is by no means alone.
A cultural change contribut- ing to physicians’ dilemma is the “all suffering is avoidable” ethos that pervades many aspects of modern life. Many Americans to- day believe that any kind of pain, physical or mental, is indicative of pathology and therefore ame- nable to treatment. (The recent campaign to label “grief” a men- tal disorder is just one small ex- ample of this phenomenon.) At least some segments of our soci- ety also believe that pain that’s left untreated can cause a psychic scar, leading to psychopathology in the form of post-traumatic stress; thus, doctors who deny opioids to patients who report feeling pain may be seen not only as withholding relief, but also as inf licting further harm through psychological trauma. Trauma today is seen not just as causing illness, but also as con- ferring a right to be compensat- ed.4 No one understands this be- lief better than addicted patients themselves, who use their aware- ness of cultural narratives of ill- ness and victimhood to get the prescriptions they want. One pa- tient summed it up in this way: “I know I’m addicted to (opioids), and it’s the doctors’ fault because they prescribed them. But I’ll sue them if they leave me in pain.”
Furthermore, for physicians, treating pain pays, whereas treat- ing addiction does not. The main- stays of treatment for addiction are education and effective coun- seling, both of which take time. Time spent with each individual

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n engl j med 367;17 nejm.org october 25, 2012
The New England Journal of Medicine
Downloaded from nejm.org on December 5, 2012. For personal use only. No other uses without permission. Copyright © 2012 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.

PERSPECTIVE

Why Doctors Prescribe Opioids to Known Abusers

patient is medicine’s least valued commodity, from a financial re- imbursement perspective. That’s especially true in emergency de- partment settings, where physi- cians are often evaluated on the numbers of patients seen, rather than the amount of time they spend with each one. Clinicians will not take time to educate and counsel patients about addiction — even if they know how — until they are adequately reimbursed for doing so. Currently, it is faster and pays better to diagnose pain and prescribe an opioid than to diagnose and treat addiction. Busy emergency physicians who would like to refer patients with addic- tion for appropriate treatment have few resources to call on.
To be sure, the recent shift in medicine’s and society’s approach to pain represents a response to long-standing neglect of patients’ subjective experience of pain, as well as an increasing incidence of chronic pain syndromes in an aging population. Although this shift has no doubt benefited many persons with intractable pain that might previously have been undertreated, it has had devastating consequences for pa- tients with addiction and those who may become addicted owing to lax opioid prescribing.
Some short-term changes that can help address this problem in- clude mandating that all physi- cians complete a continuing

Disclosure forms provided by the author are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org.
From the Department of Psychiatry, Stan- ford University, Stanford, CA.
1. Resultsfromthe2010NationalSurveyon Drug Use and Health: summary of national findings. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2011 (publication no. SMA 11-4658).
2. Meldrum ML. A capsule history of pain management. JAMA 2003;290:2470-5.
3. Pizzo PA, Clark NM. Alleviating suffering 101 — pain relief in the United States. N Engl J Med 2012;366:197-9.
4. Fassin D, Rechtman R. The empire of trauma: an inquiry into the condition of vic- timhood. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1208498
Copyright © 2012 Massachusetts Medical Society. 

Why Doctors Prescribe Opioids to Known Opioid Abusers — NEJM

Why Doctors Prescribe Opioids to Known Opioid Abusers — NEJM

Emergency Room! When to Go?

Source: Top Nursing Programs

Never Alone

Hurricane Sandy: New York Issues State of Emergency

World Health Organization

euronews right on - Our fundamental rights exposed

Doctors Without Borders/ Medecins Sans Frontieres

The "United Nations - UN", ME and the "Global Health myAction - GHA" are SUPPORTING the "Doctors Without Borders - Medécins Sans Frontières - MSF".

Check This movie out and JOIN US! 

About: Doctors Without Borders - MSF Médecins Sans Frontières

Learn WHO THEY ARE, WHAT THEY DO, WHAT THEY ARE currently ACTIVE.

World Blood Donation Day - 2012, June14

Global Health myAction supports WHO and the BLOOD DONATION DAY. 
Also, Do You?

Buruli ulcer: from a difficult past to a hopeful future

Everywhere, Everyone has The Right to Health!

By myAction, I’m helping WHO! Also, Do You?

The Right to Health of Women and Children

The Department of Maternal Newborn Child & Adolescent Health of the World Health Organization in August 2011, produced the video “WHO: Saving Mother’s and Children’s lives”. It highlights the expressive mortality rate of women pregnancy, childbirth and children, every year, despite of all efforts done to bring it under control. In fact, the most part of the deaths could be avoided. The availability and accessibility of the health care system would be the first step into the the Right to Health!

Millennium Development Goal 5 - MDG5

Reduce Maternal Mortality by 3/4 & Achieve Universal Access to Reproductive Health

A Pregnancy brings life and Hopefulness, BUT

Up to 360.000 women could not die, every year, giving life IF

All births were attended by health professionals!

Adolescence is a time to prospect for healthy & successful future life, BUT

Education and confidential support’s lack had been endowed 16 million teenage pregnancy every year!

Millennium Development Goal 4 - MDG4

Reduce Child Mortality by 2/3

A Newborn brings Joy and Happiness, BUT

More than 3 million babies could not die in their first month of life, every year, IF

They have had essential newborn care!

The World Health Organization:

• Generate and Collect the Latest Evidence
• Set Global Standards
• Help to Make Treatments more Affordable and Effective
• Provide Guidance on Delivering the Best possible Care
• Design Training Material to Give Health Workers the Skills they Need
• Help Countries to Get the Right Polices and Programs in Place, Also Monitor Progress

By myAction, I’m helping WHO to Make Sure that Women & Children Everywhere can Enjoy their Right to Health!

Help US to Make Sure that Women and Children Everywhere can Enjoy their Right to Health!

There Are Reasons to Believe in a Better World!

What Would You Do if You Found a Wallet?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Article 1.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Article 3.

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Proud of Portugal!

The Control of Life Belongs to Whom!?

The Lady and The Reaper

In 2010, the spanish short film “The Lady and the Reaper”, was created by Javier Recio Garcia and co-produced by Kandor Graphics and Antonio Banderas and was nominated for the Oscar on Best Animated Short Film Category. It was the first nomination for a Spanish animated film. Despite the film’s low budget, the film caught the attention of distributors, critics and audiences. It also won the GOYA for Best Animated Feature in 2009 (Spain’s highest honor).

The story is about an elderly woman’s life and death struggle. She finds herself pitted in the middle of an egotistical battle between the grim reaper and a young and arrogant doctor, determined to keep her alive by any means necessary.

The short movie held a particularly poignant, emotional and personal dimension for Javier, as just then his own grandmother was herself gravely ill. He was combating the emotional stress of the circumstances by channeling his own talent and the support of his fellow team members, all seeking to bring to life this very poignant, personal, charming and funny film.

The egoism and the disdain to the vulnerable people rights were discussed and evaluated in a light and humorous narrative.

The Control of Life Belongs to Whom!?

A Senhora e A Morte

O curta metragem espanhola “A Senhora e o Reaper” criado por Javier Recio Garcia, co-produzido pela Kandor Graphics e por Antonio Banderas, em 2010, foi indicado para o Oscar na categoria de animação em curta metragem. A primeira nominação para um filme animado espanhol. Apesar do baixo orçamento da película, despertou a atenção dos distribuidores, dos críticos e das audiências. Ganhou o Prêmio de GOYA na mesma categoria.

Trata-se da tormenta de uma camponesa idosa e viúva, que anseia pela morte com esperança de reencontrar o falecido marido. Quando a hora é chegada, recebe a visita do ceifador (morte) que é exaustivamente afastado pelo médico (vida). O destino da Senhora é estabelecido pela batalha travada entre o obstinado ceifador e um jovem médico presunçoso e determinado a mantê-la viva a qualquer custo, determina o destino da Senhora.

O filma oculta um drama pessoal que Javier vivia junto a ficção, a avó gravemente doente, levando-o a agregar seu talento ao dos membros de sua equipe, imprimindo um toque pessoal, encanto, vida e graça à triste estória.

O egoísmo e o desprezo aos direitos àqueles que, circunstancialmente possam estar vulneráveis, foram abordados e criticamente analisados com uma narrativa leve e bem humorada.

A quem pertence o controle da vida!?

Surgeons OverSeas (SOS) - Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone: Ph...

Humanitarian Plastic Surgery - Removal of 16lb Facial Growth - Dr. Kami ...

Humanitarian Service in the Surgical Career

New biosimilar drug rules

European regulators will detail the requirements for copies of multiple types of biotech drugs by mid-2012, setting the stage for increased generic competition in a multibillion-dollar market that includes products for cancer and modern insulins/ LONDON (Reuters).

Guido Rasi, the new executive director of the European Medicines Agency (EMA), told Reuters on Friday the London-based watchdog would issue its final guideline on biosimilar monoclonal antibodies in March or April.

Draft guidelines on the approval process for copies of other drugs will follow in May or June. These will include low molecular weight heparin, such as Sanofi's Lovenox or enoxaparin, and modern analogues of insulin.

Up to now, complex biotechnology medicines, which are given by injection, have been largely immune from generic competition, unlike conventional chemical pills and capsules.

But the regulatory landscape is starting to change, posing a threat to leading biotech groups such as Roche and Amgen, as well as makers of insulin, such as Novo Nordisk.

Europe has already approved some so-called biosimilars, including copycat versions of human growth hormone and the anemia treatment EPO. Antibodies, however, are a much bigger prize, since they include blockbuster treatments for diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.

One of the first antibodies being targeted by generic drug companies is Roche's cancer and arthritis treatment Rituxan, which loses patent protection in Europe at the end of 2013.

Rasi said he believed biosimilars would play an important role in future European healthcare, as cheaper alternatives to original branded products. But he noted that many drugmakers were at the same time developing next-generation versions of medicines which might limit the competition.

Swiss-based Roche has been particularly active in developing "biobetter" drugs that it hopes will mitigate the biosimilar threat.

U.S. regulatory preparations for biosimilars are further behind than in Europe, but leading generic drugmakers -- including Teva, Novartis unit Sandoz and Hospira -- are eyeing opportunities in both markets.

Editing by David Holmes

European regulators will detail the requirements for copies of multiple types of biotech drugs by mid-2012, setting the stage for increased generic competition in a multibillion-dollar market that includes products for cancer and modern insulins/ LONDON (Reuters).

Guido Rasi, the new executive director of the European Medicines Agency (EMA), told Reuters on Friday the London-based watchdog would issue its final guideline on biosimilar monoclonal antibodies in March or April.

Draft guidelines on the approval process for copies of other drugs will follow in May or June. These will include low molecular weight heparin, such as Sanofi's Lovenox or enoxaparin, and modern analogues of insulin.

Up to now, complex biotechnology medicines, which are given by injection, have been largely immune from generic competition, unlike conventional chemical pills and capsules.

But the regulatory landscape is starting to change, posing a threat to leading biotech groups such as Roche and Amgen, as well as makers of insulin, such as Novo Nordisk.

Europe has already approved some so-called biosimilars, including copycat versions of human growth hormone and the anemia treatment EPO. Antibodies, however, are a much bigger prize, since they include blockbuster treatments for diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.

One of the first antibodies being targeted by generic drug companies is Roche's cancer and arthritis treatment Rituxan, which loses patent protection in Europe at the end of 2013.

Rasi said he believed biosimilars would play an important role in future European healthcare, as cheaper alternatives to original branded products. But he noted that many drugmakers were at the same time developing next-generation versions of medicines which might limit the competition.

Swiss-based Roche has been particularly active in developing "biobetter" drugs that it hopes will mitigate the biosimilar threat.

U.S. regulatory preparations for biosimilars are further behind than in Europe, but leading generic drugmakers -- including Teva, Novartis unit Sandoz and Hospira -- are eyeing opportunities in both markets.

Editing by David Holmes

Fast First Aid Tips for Common Accidents

Methods for patching up wounds, stocking a first-aid kit, and calming patients

Act Fast: If there's bleeding, first press firmly over the site with a clean cloth until it stops, anywhere from three to 15 minutes. Clean under lukewarm running water and gently pat dry. When a wound is dirty or was caused by an animal scratch, rinse it with water and gently lather with soap. If the skin is broken, apply a thin layer of an over-the-counter antibiotic ointment (like Neosporin or Bacitracin), then cover with a bandage or gauze and adhesive tape. If you can't control the bleeding after several attempts with direct pressure, call your pediatrician or 911, or head to an E.R. If a large piece of skin has been removed, wrap it in a clean, moist cloth and place it in a bag over ice -- a doctor may be able to reattach it. An animal bite that has caused a deep cut should be seen by a doctor.

Follow-Up Care: Dab on the anti-biotic ointment and apply a new bandage daily (or twice daily, if it's a large or deep wound) until the cut heals, so your child can't pick at it. If it appears to be forming or draining pus or becomes swollen, tender, or red, see a doctor right away to treat the infection. After the wound heals, slather on SPF 30 until it starts to fade, because newly healed skin can sunburn more easily, making any eventual scar more noticeable.

By Kelley King Heyworth

Kids' Relevant Symptoms

Kids' Relevant Symptoms 

Twelve symptoms that always require medical attention. 

Symptom 1: A fever that's 100.4°F or higher in a baby younger than 3 months; higher than 101°F in a baby 3 to 6 months; or higher than 103°F in a child 6 months to 2 years 

Pediatricians stress that when fever strikes, the number on the thermometer isn't as important as your child's disposition. The one big exception: infants under 3 months old, who need immediate medical care if fever rises to 100.4°F. "If their fever is caused by a bacterial infection like a urinary-tract infection, it could quickly spread through the body," says pediatrician and Parents advisor Jennifer Shu, M.D., coauthor of Heading Home With Your Newborn: From Birth to Reality. "It's usually just a common virus causing the symptoms, but we have to check it out to be sure." It's important to call your doctor right away; if it's after office hours, be on the safe side and head straight to the E.R. In kids older than 2, fevers aren't urgent as long as your child appears to be well hydrated and acting normal. Call your pediatrician for guidance. 

Symptom 2: A fever that doesn't go down with treatment, or that lasts more than five days 

If you've given your child a fever reducer like acetaminophen or ibuprofen and the number on the thermometer doesn't budge within four to six hours, call your pediatrician. This is a sign that the infection may be too strong for the body to fight off, and your doctor may want to do a thorough examination to determine the cause. A fever caused by a common virus like cold or flu typically goes away within five days. One that hangs on longer -- even when it's low-grade (100.4°F) -- may be caused by an infection like bacterial pneumonia, which requires antibiotic treatment, explains Alanna Levine, M.D., a pediatrician at Orangetown Pediatrics, in Tappan, New York. 

Symptom 3: A fever that's accompanied by a stiff neck or headache or a rash that's either bruise-like or looks like tiny red dots 

Call your doctor -- these can be signs of meningitis and need immediate attention. 

Symptom 4: A rash that resembles a bull's-eye or consists of tiny red dots that don't disappear when you press the skin, or excessive bruising 

A ring-shaped rash with a pale spot in the center can signify Lyme disease. Get help right away if you see pinpoint-size spots under the skin, which can signal many serious conditions. Any inexplicable, widespread bruising may be a sign of a possible blood disorder. In addition, a splotchy rash, often a little raised, may be a sign of an allergic reaction. If your child also has difficulty breathing or is agitated or lethargic, she should be checked immediately by a doctor. 

Symptom 5: A mole that's new or changing 

Keep tabs on your child's moles, especially any that she's had since birth, because those have a higher risk of becoming malignant, says Parents advisor Ari Brown, M.D., a pediatrician in Austin and author of Baby 411. Do a monthly skin check during bathtime. Alert your doctor if you notice a mole that's irregularly shaped, has ragged borders, is not all one color, or is raised. All of these are signs of a potential skin cancer. 

Symptom 6: Stomach pain that's on the lower right side, or that's sudden and crampy and comes and goes 

If your child has pain on the lower right side, ask him to jump up and down -- if it's excruciating for him to do so, it can be a sign of appendicitis. Although the appendix is on the lower right side of the abdomen, the pain caused by appendicitis can start around the belly button and migrate to the right. "With a normal stomach virus, there's typically fever, then vomiting, then stomachache and diarrhea," says Dr. Brown. "With appendicitis, it's sometimes diarrhea, then abdominal pain, then vomiting, then pain, then fever." If you notice these symptoms, call your doctor -- appendicitis progresses quickly and it's most effectively treated when caught early. 

Symptom 7: A headache that occurs in the early morning or wakes her up in the middle of the night, or that's accompanied by vomiting 

These could be signs of a migraine. Your doctor can determine the appropriate treatment. Migraines in kids are not dangerous, and tend to run in families. However, morning and middle-of-the-night headaches can also be a signal of something more serious, and that's why you want to see a doctor right away. 

Symptom 8: Dry mouth and lips, decreased urination, a flat fontanelle (in an infant), dry skin or skin that stays bunched when you pinch it, or excessive vomiting or diarrhea 

These signs are all associated with dehydration and need to be treated fast because dehydration can lead to shock. Call 911 or get to the hospital if you think your child is nearing this stage. Otherwise, call your doc and try to get more fluid into your child. 

Symptom 9: Blueness or discoloration around the mouth; labored breathing where you can see your child sucking in his chest and abdomen; or panting, grunting, or a whistling sound when breathing 

"Breathing problems are more worrisome when the sounds come from the chest and lungs, not the nose," says Dr. Shu. Critical breathing issues are often due to choking, an allergic reaction, an asthma attack (which can occur in kids as young as a few months old), pneumonia, whooping cough, or croup. Seek help right away or call 911. If it's not obvious that your child is having serious trouble, check his respiratory rate. Count each breath taken in for 30 seconds and then multiply by two. A normal rate is less than 60 for newborns; less than 40 for babies under 1 year; less than 30 for 1- to 3-year-olds; and less than 24 for 4- to 10-year-olds. 

Symptom 10: Swollen tongue, lips, or eyes, especially when accompanied by vomiting or itchiness 

These often signal a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). Symptoms may include swelling, breathing problems, and severe hives and need immediate attention. Call 911 and, if possible, give your child a shot from an EpiPen or a dose of an antihistamine like Benadryl in the meantime. For less severe reactions, call your doctor and ask about giving an antihistamine to quell symptoms. 

Symptom 11: A fall when your child is less than 6 months old, or has obvious neurological changes like confusion or loss of consciousness, or that causes vomiting and/or any damage to the body, such as broken bones 

These emergency situations must be addressed by a doctor -- so head to the nearest medical facility. Falls are generally not problematic in kids older than 6 months if they only fall the distance of their height and don't land on anything hard or sharp. 

Symptom 12: A cut that gapes open widely enough that you could stick a cotton swab in it, or that doesn't stop bleeding within a few minutes of applied pressure 

These are signs that your child needs medical attention (and perhaps stitches, skin glue, a butterfly bandage, or staples). Depending on the severity of the injury, your next step should be to either call 911, go to the E.R., or call your pediatrician. You should also always see your doctor if an animal bites your child or if another child bites your child and breaks the skin. 

By Kristyn Kusek Lewis 

Global Health Leadership

The need for Leadership in Global Health

• Globalization has brought with it many advances in health, but also a new range of challenges.

• There is a need to move from “nation-focused” (international) public health to global public health.

• Global public health leadership requires that respect be shown to evidence, especially that about the changing nature of disease worldwide.

Why the world needs the Global Health leaderships (GHL)?

• The GHL given them concern for people’s health and wellbeing, they are already equipped to confront the major pressing global health problems of today. They have the right attitudes and values.
• The drivers of the global health agenda are in great need of medical advice: failed diagnosis abounds.
• The challenges in global health for the coming decades are far more familiar to the GHL, as a medical practitioner in a highly economically advanced nation, than was the case when the only threat to world health was infectious disease.

Others share our view about the importance of medical engagement with global health. In reviewing the contribution that the immense United Kingdom National Health Service could make to global health recently, provided a report that specifies how, through shared policy development, assistance with workforce development and sharing information. Ideas and reports of success. Medicine can indeed make a profound contribution to global development.

Human Rights

Amamentação - Infecção

Amamentar no peito até um ano reduz internação

Bebês com idade entre nove meses e um ano que receberam pelo menos uma dose diária de leite materno tiveram um risco 48% menor de serem hospitalizadas por pneumonia

02 de janeiro de 2012 | 10h 09  | Notícia

Felipe Oda, Jornal da Tarde

Já era consenso entre os pediatras que a amamentação exclusiva até os seis meses de vida é o melhor remédio contra infecções. Mas um estudo da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) indica que o benefício é ainda maior para crianças mais velhas.

Bebês com idade entre nove meses e um ano que receberam pelo menos uma dose diária de leite materno tiveram um risco 48% menor de serem hospitalizadas por pneumonia, de acordo com a pesquisa. “O leite materno tem cerca de 250 substâncias que protegem o organismo das crianças, como anticorpos e anti-inflamatórios”, afirma o autor da pesquisa, Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini.

Boccolini lembra que o leite também fornece aos bebês uma proteína importante para o sistema imunológico. “Ele tem imunoglobulina A- secretória (IgA), substância que recobre a mucosa e protege o organismo contra vírus e bactérias.”. O estudo teve como base o prontuário médico de quase 25 mil crianças internadas com pneumonia no País.

Países em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do Brasil, apresentam altas taxas de infecções entre crianças pequenas. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, a pneumonia é responsável pela maioria das internações e mortes em menores de um ano.
“Grande parte disso tudo poderia ser evitada com uma medida bastante simples: a amamentação”, diz a diretora do Centro de Incentivo e Apoio ao Aleitamento Materno da Unifesp, Ana Cristina Freitas Abrão.

O levantamento da Fiocruz também mostrou que o leite materno tem efeito positivo na prevenção de infecções em menores de seis meses, reduzindo em 38% o risco de internações hospitalares nesta faixa etária.

Public Health | NewPublicHealth

Public Health News Roundup: January 3

Physical Activity Helps Improve Kids’ Grades A review of fourteen studies in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine finds that the more physically active a child is, the better their grades are likely to be. Read more on education.

Some Girls Believe HPV Shot Lets Them Practice Unsafe Sex Just over 20 percent of girls surveyed in a recent study say getting the HPV vaccine means they no longer have to practice safe sex. The researchers, who published their findings in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine says physician practices should make sure to include an education component when they give the vaccine. Read up on sexual health news.

More Hospitals Balk at Deliveries before 39 Weeks Concerned about developmental delays and physical health problems, a growing number of hospitals are refusing to allow cesarean deliveries before a baby reaches 39 weeks gestation, according to a joint report from Kaiser Health News and National Public Radio. Read the latest in maternal and infant health.

Public Health | NewPublicHealth

... New You in 2012!!!

... No will, no plans, no faith, no confidence, no self esteem... no New!

... Instead of no, just think yes, say yes... do it... yes New!

... New You in 2012!!!

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Projects and Programs - Pan American Health Organization - Organización Panamericana de la Salud

Projects and Programs - Pan American Health Organization - Organización Panamericana de la Salud

World Cancer Day

Don't Forget!

4 February 2012

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and accounted for 7.6 million deaths (around 13% of all deaths) in 2008.

Each year on 4 February, WHO supports International Union Against Cancer to promote ways to ease the global burden of cancer. Preventing cancer and raising quality of life for cancer patients are recurring themes.